Dealing with a genital ulcer can feel scary, uncomfortable, and honestly… pretty overwhelming. The good news? You're not alone — and most people recover quickly once they know what’s causing the ulcer and get the right treatment.
This friendly guide walks you through what genital ulcers are, why they happen, how doctors diagnose them, and what treatment looks like — all in simple, judgment-free language.
Think of a genital ulcer as an open sore on or around your genitals — the vulva, vagina, penis, or scrotum. Some ulcers hurt, some don’t. Some show up suddenly, others take their time.
Doctors usually classify them into two groups:
Acute Genital Ulcers
sudden appearance, heal within weeks
Chronic Genital Ulcers
Last longer and may come back
You might notice:
Genital ulcers can happen for different reasons, but here are the most common:
The most common STD-related causes include:
These infections usually need antivirals or antibiotics — not home remedies.
Not all genital ulcers are caused by STDs. Other causes include:
To figure out what’s causing the ulcer, doctors typically use:
Your doctor checks the ulcer’s size, appearance, and whether symptoms like fever or swollen lymph nodes are present.
These may include:
Treatment depends on what’s causing the ulcer — but most conditions improve quickly once the right steps are taken.
Antiviral Medication
For herpes-related ulcers, antivirals like acyclovir or valacyclovir help reduce pain, speed healing, and lower the chances of future outbreaks.
Antibiotics
Syphilis, chancroid, and bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics such as penicillin, azithromycin, or ceftriaxone.
Topical Treatments
Steroid or anti-inflammatory creams help reduce irritation, swelling, and discomfort around the ulcer.
Pain Relief & Supportive Care
Warm sitz baths, over-the-counter pain relief, and wearing loose clothing make the healing process much more comfortable.
Yes — here are simple habits that help reduce your risk:
Genital ulcers can be uncomfortable, confusing, and sometimes scary — but once you understand what’s going on, the path to healing becomes much clearer. Most causes are treatable, and you can recover fully with the right care.
If you're unsure what's causing your symptoms, getting tested is always the best next step.